Qu’est-ce qu’un grand fleuve ?

The Grand Challenges in Natural Computing Research: The Quest for a New Science

An important premise of Natural Computing is that some form of computation goes on in Nature, and that computing capability has to be understood, modeled, abstracted, and used for different objectives and in different contexts. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new language capable of describing and allowing the comprehension of natural systems as a union of computing phenomena, bringing ...

The Futile Quest for a Grand Explanation of Long-Run Government Expenditure

This paper carries out a critical reappraisal of the two contending theories purporting to explain long-run government spending: Wagner’s Law and different variants of the ratchet effect. We analyze data spanning from the early 19 th century until the present day in Sweden and the United Kingdom. Hence, in contrast to previous studies, we evaluate the validity of Wagner’s Law and the ratchet ef...

The Quest for Medicines, a Grand Challenge in the Twenty-First Century

Nioboaeschynite-(Ce), Ce(NbTi)O6

Nioboaeschynite-(Ce), ideally Ce(NbTi)O(6) [cerium(III) niobium(V) titanium(IV) hexa-oxide; refined formula of the natural sample is Ca(0.25)Ce(0.79)(Nb(1.14)Ti(0.86))O(6)], belongs to the aeschynite mineral group which is characterized by the general formula AB(2)(O,OH)(6), where eight-coordinated A is a rare earth element, Ca, Th or Fe, and six-coordinated B is Ti, Nb, Ta or W. The general st...

Photoionization of Ce 3+ -ce

Photoionization of the Ce Ce process has been studied using the random phase approximation with exchange method in the energy region 100-150 eV. Comparison of our results with the recent measurement [Müller et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 133001 (2008)] confirms the suppression effect of the carbon cage in the endohedral fullerene Ce@C+82 photoionization. The reasons for the cause of the confineme...